new concept

New Concept English Book 3

Lesson 1

A Puma at large
At large, 逃遁的，逍遥自在，行动自由的意思
1，（of dangerous person or animal）not captured; free
Eg: Her killer is still at large.
2, (used after a noun) as a whole; in general:The populace at large are opposed to sudden change.
人民群众普遍反对突然实行的变革。
Words and Expressions:

Puma, A large American wild animal of the cat family, with yellowish-brown or greyish fur (gray=grey)
美洲豹 PUMA 于1948年成立于 德国荷索金劳勒（Herzogenaurach），PUMA 中文作彪马，意为美洲狮，德国一家以生产鞋与运动服为主的大型跨国公司。 创始人：鲁道夫·达斯勒（Rudolf Dassler）。
A large American wild animal of the cat family, with yellowish-brown or greyish fur (gray=grey)
Leopard， 豹
A large animal of the cat family，that has yellowish-brown fur with black spots. Leopards live in Africa and southern Asia.

jaguar noun。 a large animal of the cat family, that has yellowish-brown fur with black rings and spots. Jaguars live in parts of Central America.

Spot: noun. SMALL MARK
1, a small round area that has a different colour or feels different from the surface it is on:Which has spots, the leopard or the tiger?
The male bird has a red spot on its beak.
2,a small dirty mark on sth:His jacket was covered with spots of mud. Ç rust spots
3, a particular area or place:
He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.

Beauty Spot:
1, =beauty mark 美人痣
2，a place in the countryside which is famous because it is beautiful

HOT SPOT: a place in a hotel, restaurant, station, etc. that is fitted with a special device that enables you to connect a computer to the Internet without using wires

on the spot
1, immediately:He answered the question on the spot. an on-the-spot parking fine
2,at the actual place where sth is happening:An ambulance was on the spot within minutes. an on-the-spot report (现场的)


Verb(vt)
to see or notice a person or thing, especially suddenly or when it is not easy to do so:I finally spotted my friend in the crowd.
I’ve just spotted a mistake on the front cover.
Can you spot the difference between these two pictures?
[vn -ing] Neighbours spotted smoke coming out of the house.
[v that] No one spotted that the gun was a fake.
[v wh-] I soon spotted what the mistake was. (接重句)

区分同义词：
Find， 强调发现的结果
Find out, 查出事实的真相
Notice， 注意到
Observe， 观察
Watch， 观察活动中的人或画面
Discover，作出重大发现 （Discovery Chanel 探索频道）

Evidence Uncountable Noun.
1,the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that sth is true:There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
On the evidence of their recent matches, it is unlikely the Spanish team will win the cup.
2, [U] the information that is used in court to try to prove sth:I was asked to give evidence (= to say what I knew, describe what I had seen, etc.) at the trial.
He was released when the judge ruled there was no evidence against him.
Verb.
[vn] [usually passive] (formal) to prove or show sth; to be evidence of sthThe legal profession is still a largely male world, as evidenced by the small number of women judges.

Evident adj. 明显的,明白的clear; easily seen
It was evident that the policy was a failure. 显然这项政策是失败的。
Evidently adv. 明显地,显著地,必以为是clearly; that can be seen or understood easily
=obviously
She walked slowly down the road, evidently in pain.

Accumulate v. 积聚,堆积
verb
1, [vn] to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time (SYN amass) I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.
By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.2, [v] to gradually increase in number or quantity over a period of timeDebts began to accumulate.ac·cu·mu·la·tion noun [U, C]: 积聚,累积,积聚物the accumulation of wealth
an accumulation of toxic chemical

同义词区分：
Collect, 收集，采集
Gather，聚集
Assemble, 集合 to come together as a group; to bring people or things together as a group
2 ，vt，装配[vn] to fit together all the separate parts of sth, for example a piece of furniture:The shelves are easy to assemble.
n. assembly [U] the process of putting together the parts of sth such as a vehicle or piece of furniture:Putting the bookcase together should be a simple assembly job.
A car assembly plant


Oblige, Verb 使….感到必须
1，[usually passive] to force sb to do sth, by law, because it is a duty, etc.:Parents are obliged by law to send their children to school.
I felt obliged to ask them to dinner.
He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.

两个结构：
Feel obliged to do sth
Be obliged to do sth
2, oblige sb (by doing sth) oblige sb (with sth) to help sb by doing what they ask or what you know they want:[v] Call me if you need any help—I’d be happy to oblige. 我很高兴为你效劳。

hunt verb, noun
1,to chase wild animals or birds in order to catch or kill them for food, sport or to make money:
Whales are still being hunted and killed in the Arctic.
Lions sometimes hunt alone.
2，[v] hunt (for sth) to look for sth that is difficult to find （=Search）

noun 1[C, usually sing.] hunt (for sb/sth) an act of looking for sb/sth that is difficult to find:The hunt is on for a suitable candidate.
Hundreds have joined a police hunt for the missing teenager.
a murder hunt (= to find the person who has killed sb)2, [C] (often in compounds) an act of chasing wild animals to kill or capture them:a tiger hunt
3, [C] (in Britain) an event at which people ride horses and hunt foxes as a sport:There will be a hunt on Boxing Day.

Boxing day: (in Britain and Commonwealth of Nations) 26 December, the day after Christmas Day. It is a bank holiday. Traditionally it was the day when people gave Christmas boxes (small gifts of money) to their employees or servants. Now most people relax, digest the food and drink of the day before, and perhaps visit friends or relatives.

run after 强调追赶, 追求-- look, a dog is running after a cat-- what are you run after in your lifeseek = pursue v.追寻(理想)chase v.追赶 （-- They are chasing a thief / They are running after a thief）

Blackberry n. 黑莓
Strawberry 草莓
Raspberry 树莓
Gooseberry 醋栗，鹅莓
所谓黑莓手机（Blackberry），是指由加拿大Reserach In Motion，简称RIM公司推出的一种无线手持邮件解决终端设备。
　　因其使用了标准的QWERTY英文键盘，看起来像是草莓表面的一粒粒种子，所以得名“黑莓”；同时，该设备在后期的产品中，也加入了手机的功能，所以国内普遍称之为“黑莓手机”。
但是一般俗称的黑莓机，指的却不单单只是一台手机，而是由加拿大RIM（Research in Motion）公司所推出，包含服务器（邮件设定）、软件（操作接口）以及终端（手机）大类别的Push Mail实时电子邮件服务。

Push mail的全程是Server push email（服务器推送邮件），与之对应的就是Client pull email（客户端下载邮件）。最大的区别就在于“推”和“拉”。而“推”最大的好处就是“实时，高效”。

Human being: 人类 mankind， human race

Corner n. 角落 v. 使走投无路，使陷入困境
[vn] [often passive] to get a person or an animal into a place or situation from which they cannot escape:The man was finally cornered by police in a garage.

Trail， n， 一串，一系列
A long line or series of marks that is left by sb/sth:
The hurricane left a trail of destruction behind it.

Tail，尾巴
Trial
尝试性的n. 尝试,努力,试验,试用,讯问,审讯
Print v. 打印
N．印痕
Footprint 脚印 fingerprint 指纹
Get into print: to be published
Out of print: (of a book) no longer available from the company that publishes it

Printer n. 打印机
A colour inkjet printer 彩色喷墨打印机/a laser printer (toner 硒鼓)

Cling，v. 粘

cling (to sth) to stick to sth:a dress that clings (= fits closely and shows the shape of your body)
The wet shirt clung to his chest.
The smell of smoke still clung to her clothes.

Cling film，BrE a thin transparent plastic material that sticks to a surface and to itself, used especially for wrapping food 保鲜膜

stick v.粘住
stick to 坚持 （-- stick to the plan / stick to one’s promise）n.许诺
sticky adj.粘的
cling有hang on（紧紧抓住不放）的意思，尤指用手脚等紧紧抱住、搂住、缠住等，也用作比喻性的“依依不舍”。
stick 最通俗，使用范围最广的词

Convince v. 使。。。信服
[convince sb / yourself (of sth)] to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true:[vn] He convinced me of his sincerity.

Be convinced, 被说服

Somehow adv. 不知怎么搞的，不知什么原因
Meaning：in a way that is not known or certain
We must stop him from seeing her somehow.
Somehow or other I must get a new job.
somehow or other
以某种方式
Somewhat: to some degree 几分，某种程度上

Disturb v. 令人不安
1，to interrupt sb when they are trying to work, sleep, etc 打扰
I’m sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a moment?
2，to make sb worry
形容词形式有两个
Disturbing, 令人不安的
Disturbed 感到不安的

Text：
Cat-like adj. 猫一样的， dog-like 够一样的
Life-like 栩栩如生的

When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,

That 引导同位语从句，
定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰　定语从句的引导词：　　
-- 指人：主语who；宾语who, whom；定语 whose-- 指物：that（也可以指人）/ which-- 时间状语：when / 地点状语：where / 原因状语：why
同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容　　-- 同位语从句的引导词：　　
-- 名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用that而不是which-- 时间：when； 地点：where-- 定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what可以引导同位语从句　

Zoo，动物园， loo=toilet， WC 外国人听不懂的，
a toilet / bathroom:She’s gone to the loo. Can I use your loo, please?
Toilet, lavatory, washroom, bathroom, loo,
Restroom: a room with a toilet in a public place, such as a theatre or restaurant(美语)
在美国大百货公司里的叫Lounge, ladies' lounge /gentlemen's lounge
Men’s room, ladies’ room

Take sth seriously=deal with sth seriously 认真对待某事
to think that sb/sth is important and deserves your attention and respect:
Why can’t you ever take anything seriously?

Claim （声称）to say that sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it:

Unless：
Unless is used to talk about a situation that could happen, or something that could be true, in the future. If you know that something has not happened or that sth is not true, use if … not:
If you weren’t always in such a hurry (= but you are), your work would be much better.

把某物留在后面：leave behind

leave sb/sth be'hind
1[usually passive] to make much better progress than sb:Britain is being left behind in the race for new markets.

Bush：a plant that grows thickly with several hard stems coming up from the root 灌木，灌木丛

complain verb 投诉，抱怨
complain (to sb) (about / of sth) to say that you are annoyed, unhappy or not satisfied about sb/sth:[v] I’m going to complain to the manager about this.

complain of sth：抱怨 to say that you feel ill / sick or are suffering from a pain:She left early, complaining of a headache.

Fully（adv.充分地, 完全地）= completely = entirely

sth be in the possession of sb = sth be in sb’s possession 某物归某人所有(主语是物)
Sb be in possession of sth 某人拥有某物(主语是人)

1、 辐射测量 radiation measurement
1.1 世界辐射测量基准 WRR,
World Radiometric Reference
国际单位制体系中总辐照度的测量基准，其误差小于±0.3%。
注：1）参见世界气象组织气象观测仪器和方法指南。1983.9.1.3条。
2）WRR已被世界气象组织采用，并于1980年7月1日起生效。
3）为确保长期稳定性，WRR有一个组用至少4种不同的直射太阳辐射计组成（称为世界标准组）。它们保存在达活（瑞士）的世界气象组织的世界辐射中心。
1.2 辐射表 radiometer
测量辐射的仪表
注：取决于仪表的结构，仪表的读数将是辐照度或辐照量。
1.3 全辐射表 pyrradiometer
在一个平面上，测量2派球面度立体角内的全辐射的辐射表
1.4 总日射表 pyranometer
在一个平接收面上测量太阳辐照度的辐射表
1.5 太阳表 solarimeter
基于Moll-Gorczynski（摩尔—葛思佐斯基）的热电堆设计的特殊型总日射表
1.6 分光总日射表 spectral pyranometer
测量有限波长范围内的太阳辐射的仪表
1.7 直接日射表 pyrheliometer
用于测量法向入射的直射太阳辐照度的辐射表
注：在0.3μm到3μm波长范围内，其光谱响应约为常数，其接收角应小于 6°。
1.8 视场角 field-of-view angle
直射太阳辐射表的接收面中心和孔径边缘形成的几何圆锥的全角度
1.9 地球辐射表 pyrgeometer
在接收平面上测量长波辐照度的辐射表
注：其光谱范围与大气长波辐射相近，差别甚微。地面辐射表的光谱响应主要取决于其接收表面防护罩所用的材料。
1.10 日照计 heliograph
记录计及各种遮挡的太阳辐射达到一定强度时的时间间隔的仪表（WMO H0470）
注：直射辐照度的阈值为（120±24）W.m-2。（WMO 1981）
1.11 遮阳板 shade disk
可动的圆盘，安装在距辐射表的接收器固定距离的地方，用来庶挡照到接收器上的直射太阳辐射
1.12 遮阳环 shade ring
与地球赤道平面平行的圆环，用来遮挡照到辐射表接收器上的直射太阳辐射
注：这个圆环必须按规定的时间间隔进行调节，以校正太阳赤纬季节性的变化。


2 辐射特性和处理 radiation properties and processes
2.1 吸收比α absorptance,absorption factor
一个表面吸收的辐射功率与入射到该表面的辐射功率的比值
注：对于单波长的吸收比或对于一个波长范围的吸收比。
2.2 发射比ε emittance
一个物体的发射功率与同温度下黑体发射功率的比值
注：1）这个术语经常与发射率交替使用（ISO 316.21.1）
2）对单波长的发射比或对于一个波长范围的发射比。
2.3 反射比ρ reflectance,reflection factor
从一个表面反射的辐射功率与入射的辐射功率的比值。
注：对于单波长的反射比或对于一个波长范围的反射比。
2.4 反照率 albedo
一个表面反射的太阳辐射（辐射能或光能）与入射到该表面的太阳辐射的比值
注：这是一个对特定表面（通常是地球或云）的平均太阳反射比，一般在技术应用中不推荐使用，最好使用“反射比”这个术语。
2．5 透射比 τ transmittance，transmission factor
透过一个物体的辐射功率与人射功率的比值
注：对于单波长的透射比或对于一个波长范围的透射比。
2．6 非选择性表面nonselective surface
反射比、吸收比、透射比和发射比等光学特性对于短波和长波辐射均相同的表面，即光学特性基本上与波长无关的表面。
2．7 选择性表面 selective surface
反射比、吸收比、透射比和发射比等光学特性与波长有关的表面
注：在太阳集热器应用中经常使用在短波段具有高吸收比、在长波段具有低发射比的表面。
2．8 光学大气质量 AM optical air mass
来自天体的光束通过大气到达海平面的路径长度的度量，以垂直方向的路径长度作为参考
注：1）光学大气质量随太阳高度角和当地的大气压力而变化，大气压力随着海拔高度而变化。对于太阳天顶角θz≤62°当地的大气压为p,p。是标准大气压，则AM=p／(p。
cosθz）。
2）应区分光学大气质量和气象学上表示的大气延伸的“空气质量”术语，气象学上“空气质量”的物理性质，特别是温度和湿度，在水平面上只存在微小的和连续性的差异。
2．9 大气衰减 太阳辐射衰减 atmospheric attenuation，attenuation of solar radiation
当辐射束通过大气时，由于大气各组分的吸收或散射，其功率密度的减少（WMO A2740）
2．10 散射 scattering
辐射与物质之间发生与波长有关的相互作用，使辐射方向改变，但总能量和波长仍保持不变
2．11 大气吸收 atmospheric absorption
主要由于水汽．大气气体和污染物而产生的特定波长太阳辐射的吸收


3 室内和室外环境 indoor and outdoor climates
3．1 环境空气 ambient air
贮热装置．太阳集热器或有关的任何物体周围（室内或室外）的空气
3．2 风速 W wind speed（气象学）
空气速率
注：在当地的地平面以上10m的高度，用风速计测量风速，周围地面环境是平坦和开阔的，也就是说任何障碍物和风速计之间的水平距离至少是障碍物的高度10倍。
3．3 环境风速 v surrounding air speed
在集热器或集热系统附近特定的地方测量的空气速率
4 集热器类型 collector types
4．1 太阳集热器 solar collector，solar thermal collector
吸收太阳辐射并转换成热能，且传送到经过的传热流体的装置
注：不采用“板”（panel）这个术语，以免与光电池板相混淆。
4．2 液体集热器 liquid heating collector，liquid collector
以液体作为传热流体的太阳集热器
4．3 空气集热器 air collector，air heating collector
以空气作为传热流体的太阳集热器
4．4 平板集热器 fiat－plate collector
吸热体表面基本上是平板形状的非聚光型太阳
4．14 菲涅尔集热器 Fresnel collector
利用菲涅尔透镜使太阳辐射聚集到接收器上的聚光集热器
4．15 跟踪集热器 tracking collector
以绕单轴或双轴旋转的方式全天跟踪太阳运动的太阳集热器
注：分单轴或双轴跟踪两种形式。
4．16 真空集热器 evacuated collector
吸热体和盖板之间抽成真空的集热器
注：这种集热器的性能很大程度上取决干空间的真空压强。
4．17 真空管集热器 evacuated tube collector，evacuated tubular collector
采用透明管（常为玻璃管人在管壁与吸热体之间抽成真空的真空集热器
注：吸热体可以由内管或其它形状构成，以转移热能。
译注：7.17的英文定义，应指真空集热管（evacuated collector tube），而不是真空管集热器。
4．18 条状波形集热器 venetian blind collector
使用可动叶片吸收或反射辐射能量的空气加热太阳集热器.
5.集热器部件和相关量
5.1.吸热体 absorber
太阳集热器内吸收辐射能并将这能量以热量形式传输给流体的部件
5.2.吸热板 absorber plate
基本上为平板形状的吸热体
5.3.接收器 receiver
聚光集热器中最终接受太阳辐射的部件，它由透过辐射的任何附加玻璃窗及吸热体组成
5.4.采光口 aperture
太阳集热器允许非聚光太阳辐射通过的开口部分


6 太阳加热系统的类型
types of solar heating systms
6．1 太阳加热系统 solar heating system
太阳集热器及其它部件组成的输送热能的系统
6．2 只有太阳能系统 solar－only system
没有任何辅助热源的太阳加热系统
6．3 太阳能加辅助能源系统
solar-plus-suppl ementary system
太阳能和辅助能源集成的太阳加热系统，无论太阳能的供给多少，均可提供所需的热能
6．4 太阳能预热系统solar preheat system
在进人任何其他类型的水或空气加热器之前对水或空气进行预热的太阳加热系统
6．s 直流式系统 series-connected system
流体直接从供给点通过集热器加热后进入贮热装置或带辅助能源加热器或使用处的太阳加热系统
6．6 整体式系统ICS系统
integral collector-storage system，ICS system
太阳集热器同时作为贮热（水）装置的太阳加热系统
6．7 循环系统 circulating system
在系统运行期间，传热流体在集热器和贮热装置或热交换器之间进行循环的系统
注：循环是通过泵或风机或自然对流等方式进行的。
6．8 强制循环系统 forced—circulation system
利用泵或风机迫使传热流体通过集热器进行循环的系统
6．9 热虹吸系统 thermosiphon system
只利用传热流体的密度变化实现集热器和贮热装置之间或集热器和热交换器之间进行循环的系统
6．10 直接式系统 direct system
最终供用户消费的热水直接流经集热器的太阳加热系统
6．11封闭式系统
closed system，sealed system，unvented system
传热流体与大气完全隔绝的系统
6．12 敞开式系统 open system
传热流体与大气广泛接触的系统
参照开式系统9．14。
6．14 敞开式系统US open system US
符合9.13的敞开式系统或符合9.15的开口式系统
6．15 开口式系统 vented system
传热流体与大气的接触仅限于给水箱和膨胀水的自由表面或通气管开口的系统
6．16 紧凑式系统 close—coupled system
贮热装置邻近集热器安装的系统
6．17 分离式系统 remote-storage system
贮热装置与集热器分离开并相隔一定距离的系统
对照紧凑式系统9．16。
6．18 充满式系统filled system
系统中集热器始终充满着传热流体的系统
6．19 回流系统 drainback system
作为正常工作循环的一部分，当循环泵停止时，传热流体从集热器排放至贮热装置，而当循环泵重新运转时，传热流体又将充满集热器的太阳热系统
6．20 排放系统 draindown system
直接式太阳加热系统的集热器中排出不再使用的水，通常为了防冻
7 系统部件（除集热器外）及相关量 system components and related quantities (other than collectors)
7．1集热器回路 collector loop
用于将集热器中的热量传输到贮热器的回路，包括集热器、泵或风机、管路及热交换器（如果有的话）
7．2 辅助热源 auxiliary heat source
除太阳能外，用于补充太阳加热系统的热输出的热源
7．3 辅助加热器 auxiliary heater
由燃料或电能供热的器件或设备
7．4 附加能量 parasitic energy
在太阳加热系统中，泵、鼓风机和控制器所消耗的电能
7．5节能率 fractional energy savings
使用太阳加热系统节约的能量百分率。以太阳加热系统中消耗的附加能源/常规加热系统消耗的能源进行计算。式中假设两系统采用相同常规能源，在规定时间内向用户提供相等的、合适温度的热量。
7．6 太阳保证率 solar fraction
太阳加热系统中由太阳能提供的那一部分能量除以系统的总负荷
注：必须给定系统中太阳能部分和任何有关的损失，否则不能单独地确定太阳保证率。
7．7 太阳能贡献 solar contribution
系统中由太阳能部分所提供的能量
注：必须给定系统中太阳能部分和任何有关的损失，否则不能单独地确定太阳能贡献。
8 非太阳能专用术语 non-solar-specific
8．1 时间常数 time constant
一个指数过程终值的63.22％所经历的时间
8．2 倾角 tilt angle
水平面与指定平表面之间的夹角
8．3 方位 方位角 orientation，orientation angle
集热器（或建筑物）的朝向，以其表面法线在水平面上的投影的方位角表示
8．4 传热流体 heat transfer fluid
在系统内各部件间传输热能的流体
8．5 等效长度 equivalent length
在部件中具有相同压力降的管子或管道的直线段的长度
注：对于层流，等效长度是流量的函数
8．6 容水量 tank capacity，storage device capacity
贮水箱充满时测得的流体的体积
8．7 取水流量 water draw一off rate
从热水系统中取水的流量
8．8 负荷 load
提供给用户的热量，如以热水的形式
注：由于在输配系统中存在热损失，因此必须指定热输送的位置，以便确定负荷。
8．9 热电堆 thermopile
热电偶串联以提高测量小温差的分辨率
8．10 准确度 accuracy
（测量仪器）测量仪器给出接近真值的能力
注：准确度是定性的概念。
8．11 准确度 accuracy
（测量）测量结果与真实值的接近程度
注：l）准确度是定性概念。
2)“精度”（precision）不能用于“准确度”。
8．12 可重复性repeatability
（测量仪器）在相同的测量条件下，对同一样品多次测量，测量仪器重复给出十分相近示值的能力
注：可重复性可以用示值的离散特性定量地表示。
8．13 可重复性 repeatability
（测量结果）在相同测量条件下进行不断测量，所得的结果之间的接近程度
注：l)这些条件被称作“可重复性条件”。
2)可重复性可以用测量结果的离散特性定量地表示。
8．14 可再现性 reproducibility
（测量结果）在改变测量条件时，同一个测量结果之间接近的程度
注：l)有效的可再现性，需要说明改变的条件。
2)可再现性可以用测量结果的离散特性定量地表示。

True Love

Maybe true love is a decision, a decision to take a chance with somebody. To give to somebody. Without worrying whether they'll give anything back, or if they're gonna hurt you, or if they really are the one. Maybe love isn't something that happens to you. Maybe it's something you have to choose.

英国人的55个特征（转）

1、 你喜欢以谈论天气作为话题的开始。
2、 "Sorry"和"thank you"是你们的口头禅。
3、 不管是否出于真心，你们喜欢使用表示"称赞"的词汇，经常使用"good"、"fantastic"、"nice"、"perfect"、"lovely"等单词。　　4、 在中午12点前，你们打招呼都会说"good morning"。
5、 当你在别人面前忍不住打喷嚏时，你会说"sorry"表示抱歉。
6、 当别人在你面前打喷嚏时，你会对他说"BLESS U"。
7、 你习惯用"ye"或"ya"来表示"yes"。
8、 自行车在你们国家更多的是被当成运动工具而非交通工具。
9、 当你们骑自行车时，普遍穿戴头盔、反光警示服并在自行车上装上照明灯等装备。
10、 你们不怕淋雨，也不怎么怕冷，所以在路上可以很容易遇到冒雨进行跑步运动的人。
11、 你们的早餐通常是牛奶里兑上麦片，或者是在烤香肠（sausage）上泼上西红柿和黄豆一起煮的酱。
12、 你们用餐时要用上刀、叉以及至少两个汤匙，因此很惊诧于中国人用两根筷子加个汤匙就可以搞定一餐饭。
13、 你们喜欢用热的碟子装热食物，并喜欢在桌上用垫子。
14、 你们喝茶时喜欢在红茶里加牛奶和糖，你们称之为"英国茶"（English tea）。
15、 下午茶是你们文化的一部分，虽然现在简化了很多，但你们依然保持着这个传统。
16、 当你们说"给我来杯水"时，一般要的是凉水，你们习惯直接喝从水龙头里出来的水，不习惯喝开水。
17、 你们不喜欢吃动物的内脏及头脚。
19、 你们喜欢奶酪。
20、 你喜欢各种cream
21、 红萝卜、生菜、西兰花、洋葱是你们最常吃的蔬菜。
22、 你们习惯将土豆当成主食。
23、 你们喜欢将薯片（crisp）当成零食（snack）。
24、 你们喜欢油炸的食品，这也是导致你肥胖的一个重要原因。
25、 你们每年至少会举行或参加一次BBQ活动。
26、同一年龄段，多数女性的体重大于男性。
27、你们用烤箱（oven）的机会大于用灶（stove）。
28、 你们家里至少有两口平底锅。
29、 你们用打蛋器打蛋，因为你们不会用筷子。
30、 在餐馆吃饭你会给小费。
31、 在快餐店用完餐，你会自己收拾盘子。
32、 你的房子里铺地毯。
33、 你们的房间里普遍有暖气却鲜有空调。
34、 你们家里总有至少5瓶不同用途的清洁剂，分别用于洗手、洗碗、厨房、厕所、地毯。
35、 你们家里有吸尘器（vacuum），但不一定都有扫帚（broom）。
36、 你们使用抽水马桶，无论私人洗手间还是公共洗手间。
37、 你们的园艺知识比较丰富，因为除非住楼房，基本上你们都有自己的花园。
38、 你们喜欢DIY，所以你们的车库里总有大大小小不同的工具。
39、 你家有可能仍在挂壁画0年前就淘汰了。　　　　
40、 你们在早上洗澡。
41、一年中，你们有80%的时间穿牛仔裤（jeans）。
42、 当天气好时，你们喜欢在草地上晒太阳。
43、 足球是你们引以为荣的一项运动。
44、你以为每个中国人都会功夫。
45、 集体活动时，你们会各付各的帐。
46、你喜欢博彩，所以你喜欢bingo、casino、lottery。
47、 当你驾车时，你会让过马路的人先行。
48、 当你过马路时，你会对让你先行的开车人竖起大拇指做个表示赞许的手势以示感谢。
49、 你们的方向盘(steering wheel)在右边。
50、 你们的行路规则是靠左。
51、 你们习惯于排队，秩序井然。
52、 你买东西时不会讨价还价。
53、 小时候，你有通过劳动从父母那获得零花钱（pin money）的经历。
54、 你喜欢以送卡片给别人的方式表达你的情感，并会将收到的贺卡摆在客厅中。
55、 当你们相遇或告别时，你们喜欢拥抱(embrace)。

电影love and other disasters学习笔记3

62, shove v. to push sb/sth in a rough way

Shove over 往那边挪挪

63, ciao n. (from Italian) goodbye

64, sheepish adj. looking or feeling embarrassed because you have done sth silly or wrong

65, herald v. to be a sign that sth is going to happen. Eg. This heralds a period of deeper intimacy.

66, intimacy n. the state of having a close personal relationship with sb

67, rancid adj. 腐臭的 if food containing fat is rancid, it taste or smells unpleasant because it is no longer fresh

68, convent n. 女修道院 a building in which nuns(=members of a female religious community)live together

69, Mary Poppins

a popular Walt Disney film (1964), based on the character created by the Australian writer P L Travers. Mary is a nanny (= a woman who looks after young children) who can fly with an umbrella and do other magic things. Julie Andrews played the part and won an Oscar for it. The film's songs include Chim-Chim-Cheree, which won an Oscar, and Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.

70, Alps. 阿尔卑斯山 a well know mountain range in Europe. (Austria, Switzerland, Italy)

71, riot n. 暴乱 a situation in which a group of people behave in a violent way in a public place, often as a protest

72, tambien=fine

73, pry v. to try to find out information about other people's private lives in a way that is annoying or rude. Eg. I'm sorry I didn't mean to pry.

74, saga n. a long story about events over a period of many years

75, indulge v. to allow yourself to have or to do sth that you like, especially sth that is considered bad for you.

76, cross my heart (informal) used to emphasize that you are telling the truth or will do what you promise

Eg. I saw him do it-cross my heart

77 spank v. to hit sb, especially a child, several times on their bottom as a punishment

78, bugger n. Œan offensive word used to insult sb, especially a man, to show dislike

v. to have anal sex with sb

79,surreal adj. very strange, more like a dream than reality, with ideas and images mix together in a strange way

80, enrage v. to make sb. very angry

81, pamper v. to take care of sb very well and make them feel as comfortable as possible

82, vile adj. (informal)extremely unpleasant or bad.

83, Tate Modern an art gallery on the south bank of the River Thames in London that contains a collection of international modern art from 1900 to the present. It has been extremely popular since it opened in 2000, partly because of the building, which used to be a power station (= (= a place where electricity is produced)).

84, Sambuca, is an Italian aniseed-flavoured, usually colourless liqueur.

85, All about eve(1950), directed by Joseph Mankiewicz; it is about an ingenue insinuates herself in to the company of an established but aging stage actress and her circle of theater friends.

86, steely adj. (of a person's character or behavior)strong, hard and unfriendly

87, condescending adj. behaving as though you are more important and more intelligent than other people

88, fantasist n. 幻想家

89, RADA, Royal Academy of Dramatic Art

90, Gwyneth Paltrow (1972– ) a US actor who won an Oscar for her performance in Shakespeare in Love (1998). Her other films include Se7en (1995), Sliding Doors (1998) and Sylvia (2003). Her private life has received a lot of media attention, including her relationships with Brad Pitt and Ben Affleck. She married Chris Martin in 2003.

91, luvvie adj. lovey 对爱人的昵称

92, resent v. to feel bitter or angry about sth, especially because you feel it is unfair

93, good riddance to sb/sth an unkind way of saying that you are pleased that sb/sth has gone

94, dedication n. a ceremony that is held to show that a building or an object has a special purpose or is special to the memory of a particular person

95, slosh adj. (of liquid)to move around making a lot of noise or coming out over the edge of sth

96, make a pass at sb. (informal) to try to start a sexual relationship with sb

97, sharp adv. Exactly 11am sharp

98, marquee n. a covered entrance to a theatre hotel, etc. often with a sign on or above it

99, quirk n. an aspect of sb's personality or behavior that is little strange

100, Buenos Aires 布宜诺斯艾利斯 （阿根廷首都）

101, diarrhea n. an illness in which waste matter is emptied from the bowels much more frequently than normal, and in liquid form 腹泻

102, essence adj. the most important quality or feature of sth, that makes it what it is

103, villain n. the main bad character in a story

电影love and other disasters学习笔记2

28, dizzy, feverish, nauseous

Dizzy adj. feeling as if everything is spinning round you and that you are not able to balance

Feverish adj. (usually before Noun) showing strong feelings of excitement or worry, often with a lot of activity or quick movements

Nauseous adj. feeling as if you want to vomit

29, cynic n. Œa person who believes that people only do things to help themselves, rather than for a good or sincere reasons; a person who does not believe that sth good will happen or that sth is important

30, Sotheby's: a leading London firm of auctioneers. Sotheby's is famous for dealing in works of art and antiques, and has a particularly strong reputation for selling old books. The company was established in 1744. It also has a branch in New York. (In the film: David Williams was promoted the head of the New York division.)

31, bump into sb. (informal) to meet sb by chance

32, Per se adv. (from Latin) used meaning 'by itself' to show that you are referring to sth on its own, rather than it connection with other things

Eg. The drug is not harmful per se, but it dangerous when taken with alcohol.

33, pine for sb/sth ---to want or miss sb/sth very much eg. She was pining for the mountain of her native country.

34, vegan n. a person who does not eat any animal products such as meat, milk or eggs. Some vegans do not use animal products such as silk or leather.

35, Sylvia Plath (1932–63), a US writer who lived in Britain. She is considered an important poet of her generation. Her work is very personal and towards the end of her life she often wrote about death. She was a brilliant student and moved to England to study at Cambridge University. In 1956 she married the British poet Ted Hughes. She suffered from depression, and in 1963 she killed herself. After her death, collections of her poems were published, including Ariel (1965) and Collected Poems (1981), which won the Pulitzer Prize. She also wrote a novel, The Bell Jar (1963) which was based on her own life and personal experiences. In 1998 Ted Hughes published a book of poems, Birthday Letters, about their relationship. A film, Sylvia, was made about the couple in 2003.

36, conspiracy n. [c u] a secret plan by a group of people to do sth. harmful or illegal.

Conspiracy of silence: an agreement not to talk publicly about sth which should be made public

37, dangle v. to hold sth. so that it hangs or swings freely

38, bait n. a person or thing that is used to catch sb or to attact them, for example to make them do what you want

39, superficial adj. (disproving) not concerned with anything serious or important and lacking any depth of understanding or feeling

40, haunt v. if something unpleasant haunt you, it keeps coming to your mind so that you can not forget it

41, obscene adj. connected with sex in a way that most people find offensive 淫秽的

42, BT=British Telecom

43, biblical adj. connected with the Bible

44, intrigue v. (often passive) to make sb very interested and want to know more about sth.

Eg. You are really intrigued me—tell me more!

45, launderette n. a place where you can wash and dry your clothes in machines that you operate by putting in coins

46, matchmaker n. a person who tries to arrange marriages or relationships between others

47, brownie n. a thick soft flat cake made with chocolate and sometimes nuts and served in small squares

48, hash n. a hot dish of cooked meat and potatoes that are cut into small pieces and mix together. Hash "#" on the phone or keyboard. ("*"asterisk, "/" forward slash)

Hash brown n. a type of British breakfast which made by potatoes in a shape of triangle.

49, Bloomsbury –an area of central London. The British Museum and the main buildings of London University are in Bloomsbury, and many famous people have lived in there, including the Bloomsbury Group

50, pester v. pester sb. for/with sth

--to annoy sb, especially by asking them sth many times

51, one thing led to another: most used as substitute to sexual descriptions, it can also serve to shorten or skip over pasts of conversations. It allows the listener to fill in the blanks themselves with their imagination.

52, reportage n. [u] (forma) the reporting of news or the typical style in which this is done in newspapers, or on TV and radio.

53, exotic adj. 异国情调的 from or in another country, especially a typical one; seeming exciting and unusual because it is connected with foreign countries.

54, Jackpot n. a large amount of money that is the most valuable prize in a game of chance

Hit the jackpot: (figurative) ==were successful

55, poof n. (BrE, slang) an offensive word for homosexual man

56, Robbie Williams (1974– ) a British pop singer. He began his career as a member of the group Take That but left them in 1995 to perform on his own. His successful records have included Angels (1997) and Rock DJ (2000), and the albums Life Thru a Lens (1997), Sing When You're Winning (2000) and Escapology (2002).

57, pedicure n. care and treatment of the feet and toenails

58, T-cells n. T-淋巴细胞

59, stalker n. a person who follows and watches another person over a long period of time in a way that is annoying or frightening.

60, Whitney Houston (1963– ) a US singer of popular music and actor. She has won Grammy awards for several songs, including Saving All My Love for You (1985), I Wanna Dance with Somebody (1987) and I Will Always Love You (1993). Her films include The Bodyguard (1993), Waiting to Exhale (1995), The Preacher's Wife (1997) and Cinderella (1997), a multicultural version of the fairy story made for TV.

"I will always love you" which is also the theme of "the Bodyguard" (保镖)

电影《Love and other disasters》学习笔记(1)

1, you up? 你醒了？

2, brunch n. a meal that you eat in the late morning as a combination of breakfast and lunch

3, CPR, (Abbreviation for: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)【u】breathing air into the mouth of an unconscious person and pressing on their chest to keep them alive by send air around their body

4, Shag n. v [BrE, Slang] have sex with sb

5, florist n. a person who owns or works in a shop/store that sells flowers and plants

6, horticulture n. the study or practice of growing flowers, fruit and vegetables 园艺

7, hose n. (hosepipe) a long tube made of rubber, plastic, etc. used for putting water onto fires, gardens etc.

A garden hose

8, snob n. a person who admires people in the higher social classes too much and has no respect for people in the lower social classes

9, bougainvillaea n. a tropical climbing plant with red, purple, white or pink flowers

10, hay fever [u] n. an illness that affects the nose, eyes and throat and is cased by pollen from plants that is breathed from the air 花粉热

11, affirmation n. 肯定

Affirm v. (formal) to state firmly or publicly that sth. is true or that you support sth. strongly

12, ferocious adj. very aggressive or violet; very strong

13, two-bit, adj. [only before noun] not good or import

Eg. She wanted to be more than just a two-bit secretary.

14, call in sick 请病假

15, hats off to sb (old-fashion) to praise and thank someone for doing something helpful

16, squeeze v. to press sth firmly, especially with your fingers

n. (informal) boyfriend or girlfriend

17, Ipanema Beach ---a beach in Brazil

18, row n. [c] a noisy argument between two or more people

v. row with sb [BrE, informal]to have a noisy argument eg. Have a huge row with my girlfriend.

19, be in the middle of sth/of doing sth ---to be busy doing sth.

Eg. I'm the middle of something; can I call you back in a minute?

20, monogamy n[u] the fact or custom of being married to only one person at a particular time 一夫一妻制 （oak 橡树, pine松树, maple枫树, there must some connection between these three trees and monogamy??）

21, gaydar n.[u] (informal) the ability that a homosexual person is supposed to have to recognize other people who are homosexual

22, goose n. [BrE, informal] a silly person

23, rephrase v. to say or write sth using different words in order to make the meaning clearer.

24, Purple, Vogue --both are famous Fashion Magazine

25, stand sb. up (informal) to deliberately not meet sb. you have arranged to meet, especially sb. you are having a romantic relationship with

26, void n. adj. –a large empty space

27, Ad nauseam adv. (from Latin) if a person says or does sth ad nauseam, they say or do it again and again so that it becomes boring and annoying